False Killer Whales

The False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) is a remarkable cetacean belonging to the dolphin family, recognised for its intelligence, complex social structures, and rare appearances in nearshore tropical waters. In Dominica, these deep-diving marine mammals are occasionally sighted off the island’s west coast, where the steep underwater shelf and deep bays create an ideal habitat for large cetaceans. Although sightings are less frequent than those of sperm whales or dolphins, the presence of false killer whales adds to Dominica’s reputation as a premier whale watching destination in the Caribbean.

Habitat and Distribution of False Killer Whales in Dominica

False killer whales inhabit temperate and tropical waters worldwide, primarily between latitudes 30°N and 30°S. In Dominica, they are most commonly seen in offshore areas west of Scotts Head, Soufrière, and Canefield, where ocean depths drop sharply close to shore. These areas are part of a productive marine corridor that attracts a wide range of marine life. Sightings typically occur during warmer months, although they are not seasonal residents. Their preference for deep, open waters means they are more elusive than many other cetaceans in the region.

Behaviour and Social Structure

False killer whales are highly social and typically travel in pods ranging from 10 to over 50 individuals. Their social behaviours include cooperative hunting, food sharing, and strong intra-pod bonds, which often resemble those observed in orcas. These marine mammals are known to feed on squid and large fish, sometimes competing with fisheries for the same catch. Off Dominica, there have been rare but exciting observations of false killer whales interacting with Bottlenose Dolphins and other marine species, offering insight into their complex behaviour and vocal communication.

Whale Watching and Ecotourism

Dominica offers exceptional whale-watching experiences, with tours available year-round and a 90% success rate in sightings. While sperm whales, pilot whales, and various dolphin species are more frequently encountered, tour operators such as Dive Dominica and PH Whale Watch Dominica occasionally report sightings of false killer whales during offshore excursions. These rare appearances contribute to the island’s diverse marine portfolio and provide unique opportunities for marine biologists and eco-tourists alike. Photographic evidence and behavioural observations from these encounters continue to enhance scientific understanding of the species in the Eastern Caribbean.

Conservation and Marine Protection

False killer whales are listed as data-deficient on the IUCN Red List, due in part to their elusive nature and infrequent sightings. However, they face known threats from bycatch in longline fisheries, plastic pollution, and underwater noise pollution. In Dominica, the species benefits from a relatively pristine marine environment and the nation’s commitment to sustainable marine tourism. Marine researchers and conservation groups continue to advocate for expanded protections within Dominica’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) to support long-term monitoring and the preservation of rare cetaceans, such as the false killer whale.